Between federation and confederation

Abstract

The aim of this article is to analyse the political system in integrating
Europe, first of all to make an attempt to compare its confederal and federal
characteristics. The author tries to answer a number of research questions.
Does the European Union, as a union of states, remain primarily a confederation,
or is it going towards a federation over time? And if so, in which
areas does it resemble a federation most? Did the eurozone crisis become
a catalyst for change, or was it easier to achieve an “institutional breakthrough”
towards a federation? Or is Europe still waiting for a convenient
“constitutional moment” for these changes?